Which of the following is an example of a violation of HIPAA?

Leaving patient files unsecured and unattended represents a violation of HIPAA because it constitutes a failure to protect the privacy and confidentiality of protected health information (PHI). HIPAA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, establishes strict guidelines for safeguarding PHI from unauthorized access. When patient files are left unsecured, there is an increased risk that unauthorized individuals could access this sensitive information, potentially leading to breaches of patient confidentiality and privacy.

In contrast, consulting with a colleague about a patient is typically permissible as long as it is necessary for treatment and done in a way that maintains confidentiality. Informing a patient about their treatment options is also a fundamental aspect of patient care and respects their rights to make informed decisions regarding their health. Logging out of a secure system after use demonstrates adherence to security protocols and contributes to the protection of PHI, aligning with HIPAA requirements.