Which entities are required to comply with HIPAA?

Healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses are required to comply with HIPAA because they are considered covered entities under the law. These entities handle protected health information (PHI) and are directly involved in the transmission, storage, or processing of such information in the course of providing healthcare services or related functions. Compliance with HIPAA provides a framework to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and security of health information, which is vital for protecting patients' privacy rights.

While government agencies may work within the healthcare system and handle health information, not all are subject to HIPAA regulations unless they perform covered functions like those mentioned. Non-profit organizations may or may not be covered entities, depending on whether they provide healthcare services or related functions. Individuals receiving healthcare do not have compliance obligations under HIPAA; rather, their rights regarding their health information are protected by the regulation.