What component involves data backup and storage during transfer as per HIPAA?

The component that involves data backup and storage during transfer in the context of HIPAA is device and media controls. This aspect addresses the need for safeguarding electronic protected health information (ePHI) when it is moved between devices or stored on any media.

Under HIPAA, organizations are required to implement policies and procedures that govern the use of devices and media that contain ePHI, ensuring that data is properly secured during transfer and that backups are managed in a way that protects confidentiality and integrity. This includes ensuring that data is backed up correctly, encryption is used when transferring data, and that devices containing ePHI are disposed of or recycled in a secure manner.

In terms of the other options, workstation use primarily pertains to how endpoints (like computers) are utilized by employees, employee active monitoring relates to the supervision of staff to ensure compliance with security policies, and media resell does not directly involve backup and storage processes concerning ePHI. Therefore, device and media controls is the accurate context for data backup and storage during transfer as mandated by HIPAA regulations.