What are the two main rules established by HIPAA?

The two main rules established by HIPAA are the Privacy Rule and the Security Rule. The Privacy Rule sets national standards for the protection of individually identifiable health information, ensuring that patients' personal health details remain confidential. It governs how healthcare providers, health plans, and other entities handle sensitive information, giving individuals certain rights regarding their health information, such as the right to access their medical records.

The Security Rule complements the Privacy Rule by focusing specifically on protecting electronic health information. It establishes safeguards that ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of electronic protected health information (ePHI). This rule addresses the technical, administrative, and physical protections necessary to secure patient data against unauthorized access and breaches.

Together, these rules form a critical framework for maintaining the confidentiality and safety of health information in the healthcare system, helping to maintain public trust in the management of personal health data.